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A kidney transplant is critical as well as major surgery. Therefore, the most serious risk associated with a kidney transplant is the rejection of a new kidney by the patient’s body. However, there is very little chance that the body will reject the donor's kidney. As per statistics, it is estimated that around 90 percent of kidney transplant recipients who get their kidney from a living donor survives for at least five years after surgery. While around 82 percent of those who received a kidney from a dead or deceased donor live for five years afterward.

If after kidney transplantation patient feels any unusual soreness in and around incision site or a change in the amount of their urine, they must have to immediately inform about this to their transplant team. If a patient body rejects the donor’s kidney, they resume dialysis and can wait for the new donated kidney for re-transplantation after being evaluated again.

The other risks of a kidney transplant include:

•    An allergic reaction to general anesthesia

•    Blood clots

•    Bleeding

•    A blockage of the ureter

•    Leakage from the ureter

•    An infection

•    Failure of the donated kidney

•    A stroke

•    A heart attack

The medicament or drugs given before surgery can cause some undesirable repercussions in a patient’s body. These may include:

•    A higher risk of developing non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

•    Risk of skin cancer

•    Bone thinning

•    Acne

•    Weight gain

•    Increased hair growth

Right after kidney transplantation, patients are frequently monitored by the team of doctors. It is expected from the patient that they can spend a few days to a week in the hospital. After the kidney transplant, they have to survive on medications to the rest of their life. Immunosuppressants drugs (anti-rejection medications) help in safeguarding the immune system and also to resist rejection or failure of a new kidney. This additional medicament helps in reducing the risk of other complications and risks.

Proper diet and exercise are extremely important for transplant recipients for maintaining a healthy weight and reducing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure. After a kidney transplant “any physical activity, short walks, exercise” should be a regular part of a patient’s daily regime, it helps in improving their overall physical and mental health.

There are some dietary restrictions that patients need to follow because some drugs may increase their appetite and enhance the possibilities of weight gain.

•Avoiding grapefruit and its juice due to its effect on a group of immunosuppression medications (calcineurin inhibitors)

• Eating at least five servings of vegetables and fruits each day

• Drinking low-fat dairy products especially low-fat milk, which is very important to maintain optimal calcium and phosphorus levels

• Staying hydrated by drinking adequate water and other fluids each day

• Having enough fiber in your daily diet

• Maintaining a low-salt and low-fat diet

• Following food safety guidelines

• Eating lean meats, poultry and, fish

The Bottomline

In India, most of the kidney transplants are carried out through the deceased donation process. For living kidney donation, the donor must have to be the close relative or family member of the patient. Kidney donation is safe and will not affect the donor’s life expectancy. However, there are some dietary or physical restrictions that both living donor or the recipient needs to follow after kidney transplantation.

Thanks for reading!

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