One of the advantages of OPV is that it can also provide immunity to people who have not been vaccinated. This is because the weakened virus in the Polio Vaccines can spread from person to person, providing a kind of herd immunity. Herd immunity occurs when a high percentage of the population is vaccinated, making it difficult for the virus to spread. This protects people who cannot be vaccinated, such as those with weakened immune systems.
However, there are some disadvantages to using OPV. Because it contains a live virus, there is a small risk that the vaccine itself can cause the disease it is supposed to prevent. This happens very rarely, but it can occur in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene, where the virus can easily spread. Additionally, the live virus in OPV can mutate over time, causing it to revert to a more virulent form. This can lead to outbreaks of polio in areas where the Polio Vaccines was previously effective.
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