An electrical connector is an electromechanical device used to bridge the electrical conductors and create an electrical circuit. Most electrical connectors have a gender- i.e., the male component, known as a plug, that connects to a female component, or socket. The connection may be removable, but this requires a tool for assembling and removal. This may also serve as a permanent electrical joint between two circuits. An adapter can be used to join different connectors.
Thousands of connectors are manufactured for power, data, and audio-visual applications. Electrical connectors are divided into four basic categories, differentiated by their function.
Wire connectors are manufactured in a variety of sizes and shapes. While the exterior covering is made from insulating plastic, the means of connection used in it is coiled metal spring, a tapered, or interior grooves that assemble with the wire and holds them securely.
There are various types of wiring connector, each tailored for specific usage. Generally, the connector's name is directly related to the type of usage and application it is put to. This also helps users choose the correct connector according to their purpose.
Twist-On Wire Connectors
Typically installed by hand, twist-on wire connectors have several external grooves, making their handling, operation, and application easier than other wiring connectors. In such connectors, wing-like extensions are commonly moulded into higher quality connectors to make an easier attachment. Such extensions also make room for these connectors installed with a common nut driver or any other specialized tool.
Twist-on wire connectors are generally colour-coded that help to indicate the connector’s the size/capacity. Frequently used as an alternative to the soldering of conductors together or terminal blocks, twist-on wire connectors are quicker to install and, unlike soldered connections, allow hassle-free removal for future modifications.
You must note that twist-on wire connectors are not often used on wire gauges thicker than AWG #10 (5.26 mm²). This is because such solid wires are too stiff to be reliably connected using this method. So, preferably in such a situation, set screw connectors, clamps or crimp connectors are used. Twist-on wire connectors are typically used in electrical wiring systems for receptacles, light switches, can lights, ceiling fans, HVAC, thermostat controls, garage doors, doorbells, smoke/CO detectors, security systems, signage, recessed lighting, etc.
Crimp-On Wire Connectors
Crimp-on wire connectors are usually made from steel or copper and need a crimping tool to keep it attached correctly. Such connectors are designed to make permanent, pressure-type connections and are therefore not flexible to be reused. Crimp-on connectors are used for a very secure connection with plastic cap insulators used after the connection is established.
Winged Twist-On Wire Connectors
Similar to the twist-on connectors, winged connectors do not require pre-twisting wires, but professionals recommend any such practice. Winged connectors help to speed up the attachment process, that allows a better grip. This is ideal for large projects that need multiple connections. Winged connectors make fast, easy-to-handle, secure electrical connections, and the connectors can be removed easily and reused under most circumstances.
Underground Wire Connectors & Waterproof Wire Connectors
Underground and waterproof wire connectors are typically filled with 100 per cent silicone sealant and are meant to serve purposes to protect against moisture and corrosion. Such connectors are easy to apply and are non-reusable. Underground wire connectors are slightly more durable and can be often located in outdoor pet containment systems, sprinkler systems, low-voltage outdoor lighting and other similar applications.
Push-In Wire Connectors
As an alternative to twisting wires together, some electricians prefer push-in wire connectors. Such design eliminates twisting, reducing repetitive motion fatigue for jobs that need numerous connections.
Most wiring connectors can easily be installed and removed by pulling or twisting conductors, and are great to be re-used.
