Over the past few decades, ethanol msds has attracted considerable attention as a possible fossil fuel option [52]. Biomass fermentation is currently the leading modern ethanol production technology, and its main raw materials are glucose and sucrose [30]. Once the biomass is delivered through the manufacturing facility, it will be processed in-house to avoid fermentation and bacterial contamination. The raw material can then be preprocessed to make it easier to extract. During the fermentation process, hydrolyzate, yeast, nutrients and other ingredients need to be supplemented. Fermentation is generally carried out at 25 to 30°C, and the reaction time is preferably 6 to 72 hours. These parameters mainly depend on the hydrolyzate composition, type, density or yeast activity. Recovered yeast is used to increase fermentation activity and productivity. After distillation, a mixture is obtained, also known as “aqueous” or “hydrated” ethanol (95% alcohol, 4% water). In order to produce “anhydrous” ethanol (99.6% alcohol, 0.4% water), hydrated ethanol must be dehydrated.
Ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and n-propyl alcohol have very good disinfecting properties in 60-90% aqueous solutions. They are considered intermediate disinfectants and are effective against bacterial vegetative forms, enveloped viruses, and some fungi and mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Alcohols are thought to act by denaturing proteins, depending on the relative amounts of alcohol and water [22].
Commercial preparations containing high concentrations of alcohol often come in the form of aerosol sprays and are used in combination with other disinfectants for greater effectiveness. In this application, phenolic or quaternary ammonium compounds are added at less than 1%. Alcohols can also be used as co-solvents in pine oil or phenolic preparations, which will quickly bloom or emulsify when diluted in water.
