Law Enforcement Agencies
They are responsible for keeping law and order in the community, preventing criminal activity, and detecting and investigating crimes. Police, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), and the National Investigation Agency are the principal law enforcement authorities of India (NIA). Each state’s police force is managed by the Indian Police Service (IPS). The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is responsible for investigating high-profile cases such as corruption, economic offences, and cases related to national security. The National Investigation Agency (NIA) is responsible for investigating cases related to terrorism and other threats to national security. In cases of significant offenses, police collect evidence and arrest the suspects. The majority of the time, the evidence acquired in criminal offenses requires forensic corroboration. It could be blood, weapons, clothing, etc.
Judiciary
The second pillar of the criminal justice system is the judiciary. The Indian judiciary comprises the Supreme Court, High Courts, and District Courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court of appeal in India and has the power to hear appeals from High Courts and lower courts. The High Courts are the highest courts in each state and have the power to hear appeals from District Courts. The District Courts are the lower courts in each state and are responsible for hearing criminal cases. Judges play a crucial role in the entire criminal case process, as the verdict ultimately rests on their interpretation of the evidence and the law. In legal proceedings, evidence is crucial. A criminal could be set free if there is insufficient evidence to convict them. Yet the worst-case scenario is when there is documented proof against a person who is genuinely innocent, since that person is then trapped by the unjust criminal justice system. Trial attorneys for both the prosecution and the defense assist the court in reaching a verdict based on the record evidence (items, papers, and/or witnesses). In dealing with the facts, judges must also ensure that procedural legislation is being followed and that neither the victim nor the accused are having their rights abused throughout the trial.
Public Prosecutors
The third pillar of the criminal justice system in India is public prosecutors. Public prosecutors are responsible for representing the state in criminal cases. They are responsible for presenting the evidence in court and arguing the case on behalf of the state. The public prosecutor is appointed by the state government and is responsible for ensuring that justice is served in each case.
Prisons
The fourth pillar of the criminal justice system in India is prisons. Prisons are responsible for the custody and care of individuals who have been convicted of a crime. The prisons in India are managed by the state government and are responsible for providing a safe and secure environment for the prisoners. This place is responsible for the rehabilitation of prisoners. They provide vocational training, education, and counseling to help prisoners reintegrate into society after their release.
The rights of the accused must be protected in accordance with the law. Nonetheless, it is still unclear if human behavior can be observed in correctional facilities. The cruelty of the so-called criminal judicial system, where courts are overworked, police officers are exhausted, innocent accused are despairing, and this agony has many faces, becomes immediately apparent to everyone who attends a criminal court procedure. For the sake of the citizens of our country, it is imperative that the relevant authorities investigate the issues plaguing the criminal justice system immediately.
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