Functional 3D printed tissue, a form ofadditive manufacturing, is the next generation organ transplanttechnology, which reshapes the overall healthcare industry. 3DBioprinting uses cells and other biochemical materials to printlayer-by-layer of living structures that mimic the behavior ofnatural living systems. 3D tissue printing can be used to recreatetissue from various regions of the body. End-stage bladder diseasepatients can be treated using engineered bladder tissue toreconstruct the damaged organ. This technology can also potentiallybe applied to muscle, cartilage, skin, and bone tissue.
Theultimate goal of 3D tissue printing (functional3D printed tissue) is to create organs that can fully integrateinto the human body. Organ printing is a method of creating objectsby using a solid form like polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), ornylon in combination with various nucleus-independent chemical shift(NICS) that bond together and create a solid object. This isdifferent from other methods such as inkjet printing, digitalprinting, and lithography that rely on heat to bond the two polymerforms. All these methods use heat for bonding, but the method ofusing NICS depends on the nature of the object.
In thelast few years, the demand for organ transplant has increased.According to the National Registry of Transplants, more than 21,686patients are on the national transplant waiting list and around13,956 candidates (64.3%) are waiting for a kidney transplant inMexico. From 1963 to June 2017, around 46,492 transplants have beenperformed in Mexico. Thus, there is an increasing demand forfunctional 3D printed tissue all around the world. As a result, manycompanies are, in collaboration with research and development (R&D)institutes, engaged in development of 3D printed organs. The use ofthis technology enables manufacturers to create large numbers ofidentical products from a single source material.
3Dbioprinting uses 3D printing–like techniques to constructbiomedical parts that maximally imitate natural tissuecharacteristics. Bioprinting can be used to print tissues and organsto help research drugs and pills.
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