Descriptive statistics uses the collected information to summarise and describe its features. It is the field of statistics that defines and explains the data set. Descriptive statistics makes it easy to understand the data by organizing it and summarizing it.
Their main purpose is;
- To show a potential relationship between variables.
- To provide an overall summary of the variables.
There are different ways of descriptive statistics analysis. These are;
The measure of central tendency
Central tendency summarizes the entire data through a single number.
- Mean- Mean is the average of the given data set. The mean is calculated by adding all the data and then dividing it by the total number of data.
- Median- The median is the middle value of the data set. For calculating the median, the data set is arranged in ascending or descending order, and then the middle value is located. But this is possible only when the data set is of an odd number. For even number, the 2 values are added and then divided by 2.
- Mode- The number that occurs the maximum number of times in a data set, it is known as a mode.
Measure of dispersion
The measure of dispersion shows that in a data set how the values are spread.
- Range- the difference between the largest value and the smallest value in a data set is known as the range. The amount of variation from the average is shown through the range.
- Standard deviation- standard deviation shows the deviations of the value of data set from the mean.
The topics that are covered under descriptive statistics for the assignment are;
- Average
- Median
- Measure of location
- Range
- Standard deviation
- Percentile
- Variance
- Histogram
- Frequency curve and ogive
- Frequency polygon
- Tabulation and diagrammatical representation of statistical data
- Cumulative distribution
- Frequency distribution
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