DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are essential for all known forms of life. They are the main information-carrying molecules in the cell and constitute the genetic material. DNA is similar to RNA and uses a slightly different set of nucleobases. Nucleobases are also known as bases or nitrogenous bases.
Nucleobases are electron-rich heterocyclic aromatic that may also contain extra-cyclic functional groups, such as amino and hydroxyl groups, which can exist in tautomeric forms. The primary nucleobases include adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T) and uracil (U). A and G are called purine bases and have a thick ring backbone structure. The single amino group (NH2) is located at the C6 carbon of A and C2 of G. Similarly, C, U and T are called pyrimidine bases and have a monocyclic structure. In DNA, A is paired with T and C with G. In RNA, T is replaced by U. The pairing follows two principles of size and hydrogen bond complementarity. The ability of nucleobases to form base pairs and stack on top of each other leads directly to long-chain helical structures.
In addition to the five canonical nucleobases, there are two modified nucleobases. Naturally occurring modified nucleotides include 5-methylcytosine in DNA, bases contained in the nucleosides pseudouridine, dihydrouridine, inosine, and 7-methylguanosine in RNA. And artificial nucleobases include allopurinol, 6-thioguanine, etc. The chemical synthesis of modified oligoribonucleotides is a powerful method to study the structure, stability and biological activity of RNA. Over the years, chemically modified oligonucleotides have been extensively investigated by researchers to develop new siRNA therapeutics. Nucleobase-modified oligonucleotides can improve stability, target specificity, and binding affinity in cells.
Why choose BOC RNA?
Oligonucleotides have many uses in disease diagnosis and targeted gene therapy. The most common use of oligonucleotides is as primers for polymerase chain reaction, which revolutionized the study of gene expression and disease processes. Oligonucleotides can also be used as probes and drug carriers. However, the synthesized oligonucleotides first need to be analyzed and purified to obtain high-purity products that can be used for drug discovery or biomedical research. BOC RNA has accumulated important expertise in oligonucleotide analysis and purification. In terms of oligonucleotide analysis, BOC RNA has developed a hexafluoroisopropanol system to analyze oligonucleotides to get better results. For the purification of oligonucleotides, BOC RNA developed RP-IPC to efficiently separate and purify oligonucleotides. In addition, it also offers the following basic modifications:
2′-Deoxyribonucleoside pyrimidines and analogs
2′-Deoxyribonucleoside purine and analogs
Ribonucleoside analogs
2′-Deoxyribonucleoside purine and analogs
Ribonucleoside analogs
2'O-Methyl ribonucleoside analogs
Sugar modified analogs
Moreover, BOC RNA has always been a leader in oligonucleotide synthesis services. Its products and services can help customers accelerate research, solve complex problems and challenges. At the same time, it reduces the cost of experiments, meets the needs of various synthesis scales and modifications, and realizes large-scale production in a short time.
For more detailed information about oligonucleotide products and services of BOC RNA, please visit the website: https://rna.bocsci.com.
