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The irregular beat in the heart(s) is called arrhythmias. When such an arrhythmia occurs it is called atrial fibrillation. When the heart is in this state there can be problems such as palpitations, dizziness, fainting, breathing problems, irregular heart rhythms, or heart failure. Some medical conditions can cause or worsen atrial fibrillation such as hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, chronic heart failure, clotting of blood within the atrium, congenital heart defects, or coronary artery disease.
One of the most dangerous complications is heart failure or heart attack. If the heart's function is impaired by Atrial Fibrillation the patient runs the risk of suffering a heart attack. When an atrial fibrillar rhythm is disturbed by Atrial Fibrillation it can cause a strain or tear in the walls of the atrium. This tear or strain can cause the opening of the atrium to be narrow or completely blocked, which can result in sudden death. These types of complications can be caused by many factors such as; overexertion during physical exercise, coughing, strenuous activity of any kind, smoking, use of certain medicines such as nitroglycerine, caffeine, and alcohol, high blood pressure, obesity, atherosclerosis, congenital heart disease, or by taking beta-blockers for angina. Treatments such as; restrictive or malabsorptive surgery, shock wave therapy, cardio shock, Catheter Ablation, balloon angioplasty, percutaneous infusion of atrial flutter ate, and transcranial magnetic stimulation is used.
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