A DNA test is done to get vital facts or information about a crime, to prove the innocence and guilt of someone or trace family ancestry. DNA is used in paternity testing and genetic testing as well.
Let's cover how DNA is useful across different strata.
DNA and Forensic Science
In forensic science, DNA fingerprinting is used widely. It is used to find the match of the suspect of a crime using the sample of semen, saliva, blood, hair etc. There are different methods to do DNA fingerprinting. These methods are amplified fragment length polymorphism (AmpFLP), short tandem repeats (STR), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and RFLP analysis. DNA fingerprinting also helps to understand the pattern of human beings from prehistoric times.
DNA and Paternity Test
The DNA paternity test is done to prove whether a child is the daughter or son of a person by making a comparison of the DNA of both the parents. There are different companies that provide services for paternity testing. Generally, there are three kinds of testing companies that offer the test. The first kind are those companies which specialize in testing and have their own testing lab to perform the test. In the second category, there are those companies that provide service to others like a broker. In the third category, there are laboratories which perform the paternity test as a side job.
DNA and Genetic Disorders
These days, genetic testing are done using DNA analysis to test for various illnesses, diseases, ancestry and many other things. Genetic test is the DNA analysis from the human body. In our DNA, there are various strands of code relating to hair color, height, eye color and of other related parts. It also consists of information related to illness and disease. Genetic tests can be performed before or after birth. In case of a genetic test before birth, the doctor takes some fluid from the mother's fetus or does a CVS to have material from the placenta containing the genetic information. For genetic testing after birth, this is done using blood samples or by taking swabs from the inside of the cheek. Some segments of the DNA do not change and it passes from generation to generation. This helps in paternity testing and also to determine earlier ancestry.
For more information on DNA testing and its uses visit Genomelink.
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