Concrete repair may be required in a variety of cases - when the service life of structures comes to an end and there is a need for their restoration, when elements are destroyed due to various influences, when design errors, etc. There are many types of defects and destruction of a concrete monolith, so it is important to select suitable materials and tools for repairs to achieve maximum results. The main types of damage to concrete: General loosening of the structure - these damages suggest the appearance of the smallest defects, which, nevertheless, can reduce the strength of the stone and contribute to the spread of further destruction. Destruction of the surface layer - delamination of the protective layer, the appearance of cavities and voids on the surface. Formation of loose areas , destruction, cracks in deep layers. Corrosion of mortgages parts and fittings. Concrete restoration can be carried out using different materials and technologies. They are selected according to the type of damage to be examined and analyzed. When selecting a technological solution, they are guided by the best modern technologies and materials, thanks to which it is possible to extend the life of concrete by 15-40 years. What is taken into account when choosing a material for repair: Depth and distribution of defects. The degree of responsibility of the structure, loading, bearing capacity. Location and accessibility of the entire structure. Operating conditions (aggressive environments, dynamic loads, humidity / temperature levels). Scope of work. Requirements for the aesthetics and appearance of the structure. The following requirements are imposed on all the means with the use of which the repair of concrete structures is carried out: thixotropy, fluidity, low water-cement ratio, non-shrinkage, good adhesion.
When is it necessary to repair concrete products and structures
Taking into account the experience of inspection and operation of various structures and buildings made of concrete (both recently built and old), we can confidently assert that there are quite a few of them in need of repair. This is due to a variety of reasons: from improper design and the inability of the monolith to withstand the impact loads until the expiration date or destruction as a result of accidents and weather elements. Not all defects and damages require the complete destruction of the concrete stone and the construction of a new facility. In many cases, it is enough just to properly repair the structure in order to successfully maintain all its technical characteristics and significantly extend the service life, guaranteeing strength and reliability. A defect in a building structure is a non-compliance with the requirements of the design / regulatory documentation. Defects can appear during construction on the territory or during the production of an element in a plant (in this case, we are talking about errors in the design or violation of the technology for the implementation of work).
For example, defects of this type are observed in reinforced concrete structures - these are shrinkage cracks, caverns, which are caused by non-compliance with the pouring and drying technology. If the defects are too serious, they negatively affect the bearing capacity downward and cause other problems. In addition, defects can appear during operation under the influence of external factors, negative influences. Example: damage to concrete products in the form of chips from impacts, which reduce the service life of the structure and its bearing capacity. Exposure of the reinforcement is often observed, which is also dangerous - the metal corrodes, deforming the concrete.
If, after research and calculations, it becomes clear that a structure or a building can still serve, you just need to eliminate problems and strengthen some units, repair concrete surfaces, protect reinforcement, etc., these are justified actions. As a result, the work is cheaper than replacing the building / element with a full cycle of work.
Modern materials for the repair of concrete products
It is not worth restoring concrete and repairing it with an ordinary cement-sand mixture. The solution for repair should provide the maximum characteristics of strength, reliability, adhesion, plasticity, thixotropy, since in this case, not only a structure is created according to technology, but errors, defects are eliminated, knots are connected, there is an effect of increased loads, etc. If we consider domestic manufacturers of universal mixtures, with the help of which the repair and protection of concrete can be carried out, then the best materials on the market are Penetron-Russia materials. The most popular formulations are M700 Structural Skrepa and M500 Repair Skrepa.
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