The First Horizontal Line of the Panchangam, the Almanac
Name of the Year – There are 60 Tamil years in all. The current year’s name will be given here.
Tamil Month Name – There are 12 Tamil months. The current month’s name will be given here.
Kaliyuga Year – This is calculated from the time of the advent of the Kaliyuga year. This is the most ancient of the years that we are observing.
Salivahana Year – This year is beginning on 22nd March, every year. The name of the current year will be mentioned herein.
English Year – An English year consists of 12 months and begins from January month. The name of the current year will be mentioned here.
Hijri Year – This is the Islamic year. This year is calculated from the day Prophet Mohammed went from Mecca to Medina.
Pasali Year – This is the year followed in the Northern parts of India.
Kollam Year – This is the year followed in Kerala. Kollam year is calculated from the first day of the Avani month.
Telugu Year – This year starts on the day following Amavasya, the New Moon day in the Tamil month Panguni.
Ayanam – This denotes the direction in which the Sun travels. An Ayanam lasts for 6 months, and there are 2 such Ayanams, Uttarayanam and Dakshinayanam.
Name of Ritu, the Season – There are a total of 6 Ritus.
Months Chiththirai & Vaikasi – Vasanta Ritu, the Spring Season
Aani & Aadi – Grishma Ritu, the Summer Season
Aavani & Purattasi – Varusha Ritu, Monsoon or Rainy Season
Aippasi & Karthigai – Sharad Ritu, Autumn
Margazhi & Thai – Hemanta Ritu, Pre-Winter Season
Masi & Panguni - Shishira Ritu, Winter Season
The Zodiac Sign in which the Sun travels – The Sun will be traveling in one zodiac sign every month. The sign in which the Sun is traveling in the current month will be mentioned here.
All these can be found in the same line.
The Second Horizontal Line
Today Panchangam Tamil, that is, the Almanac particulars for the entire month, will be given under this line. We can know about the day’s particulars under various captions, in the lines against the relevant dates. The particulars regarding the relevant vertical lines can be found under the horizontal line heading.
Tamil date, English date, and Pancha Anga, the 5 important aspects of the Almanac like that day’s Vara, Thithi, Nakshatra, Yoga, and Karana, will be given.
Next is Nakshatra Thyajyam - ‘Thyajyam’ is the time that should be avoided. Like how we calculate time in terms of minutes, seconds, etc., the Panchanga time will be given as Nazhigai and Vinazhigai in the Almanac. Auspicious activities should not be performed during this time.
Next is, Nethiram – Jeevan – This helps to know if a particular day is good or not-so-good.
Amirthathi Yogas – These have to be taken into account while fixing the dates for performing auspicious activities.
Rasi Balance – This gives the balance in degrees in the zodiac sign, in which the Sun is transiting in any particular month. This is used for calculating Lagna, the Ascendant, for the time a baby is born.
Agas – This denotes the duration of the daytime. Agas is nothing but the period between the Sunrise and the Sunset.
Vivaha Chakaram – This will be calculated based on Nakshatra, the star in which the Sun and Moon are transiting.
Vara Soolai – Every day will carry the strong influence of the planet, ruling over that weekday. Different Navagrahas, the 9 planets, will be facing different directions in the temples, and the direction opposite to the one the planet is so facing, will be the Soola direction.
Yogini – This is calculated based on the Thithi. This has to be considered at the time of undertaking travel.
Sraddha Thithi – Thithis, the lunar days meant for performing Srardha, the ancestral ceremonies, will be given here.
Special days including Vrat days – Details like the special days, Kari days, and Vastu days of the Tamil month will be mentioned here. Further, the Rasi chart with particulars about which planets are transiting which zodiac signs in the month will also be provided therein.
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