How to Shape Clay

It is incredibly satisfying when you put your fingers into a lump of clay and then watch it change into something completely new. Clay is among the oldest materials for art used by humans -- as well as among the least receptive. It does not matter if you're a newbie with no clay experience or returning to an old hobby. It is important to know that the methods you will need are easier than you think.

This tutorial will guide you through the process of shaping clay, starting from scratch -choosing the best kind of clay, making it correctly, and mastering the four fundamental hand-building methods, which are the basis of any clay-based work. They include pinching, coiling, slab-building, and fundamental sculpture.

There is no pottery wheel. A kiln is not required in many ways. You only need your hands, a handful of simple tools, and a clay block.

First Things First: Choosing the Right Clay 

To create shapes with clay, you must select the appropriate clay for your task and skill level. Different clays perform the same; choosing the wrong type can make it much more difficult.

The Three Main Types of Clay for Beginners

1. Air Dry Clay 

Air dry clay does exactly what it says and it sets at room temperature, without the need for an oven or a kiln. It's among the easiest options for beginners, suitable for home based crafters or children looking to start without special equipment. However, it may be less durable when dried than fired clay.

Best for: Decorative items, magnets, home decor.

2. Polymer Clay is an artificial, plastic based clay that remains flexible and soft when baked in your normal home oven. It is available in a vast selection of colours, can be made ready to use and doesn't dry out when left in the sun for long periods. It's a great alternative for fine designs, jewelry, and miniatures.

3. Earthenware/Pottery Clay (Water Based) Traditional clay that is water-based, like that employed by professionals in the field of pottery, is among the most malleable. It's a great choice to learn both traditional hand-building and wheel-throwing methods. It does, however, require an oven to make it permanent (unless it is air dried as a decorative item), and the availability of a kiln or even a pottery studio in the area can be beneficial.

Ideal in: Practical pottery vessels, bowls, designs, and traditional pottery.

Beginning advice: If you are beginning to learn at home, using air-dry clay (also known as polymer clay) could be your most effective option. Both are readily accessible, inexpensive, and simple to use before you invest in a whole pottery system.

Setting Up Your Clay Workspace 

An organized, clean area makes shaping clay much simpler and less sloppy.

What do you require:

An even, smooth working area (a silicon mat, glass tile, or tablecloth is all suitable, and avoid cutting boards, as they can leave impressions on clay)

A clay roller

A basic clay tool: wire cutters, a loop tool, a needle tool, and a wood or plastic rib

A small container filled with drinking water 

Cling film or plastic wrap to keep the clay from drying up.

A sponge or soft cloth to smooth

Make sure your clay is covered whenever you are not working on it. Clay quickly dries in the presence of air. When it dries out the clay can become brittle and difficult to form.