Cathinone is a monoamine alkaloid found in the shrub Catha edulis and is chemically similar to ephedrine, cathine, methcathinone and other amphetamines. It is probably the main contributor to the stimulant effect of Catha edulis, also known as khat. Similar to amphetamines, synthetic cathinones are psychomotor stimulants that exert their effects by impairing the normal function of plasma membrane transporters for dopamine (DAT), norepinephrine (NET), and 5-HT (SERT).
The effect of khat chewing and cathinone on the cardiovascular system have been identified, including increased risk of hypertension and acute cardiovascular events, as well as increased risk of cardiovascular complications among patients presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome who are khat chewers. It is then synthesized into concentrated bath salts
These substances are often marketed as “bath salts,” “research chemicals, plant food, glass cleaner, and labeled not for human consumption,” in order to circumvent application of the Controlled Substance Analogue Enforcement Act. ression, violent and self-destructive behavior paranoia, hallucinations, and delusions. Adverse or toxic effects include rapid heartbeat; hypertension; hyperthermia; prolonged dilation of the pupil of the eye; breakdown of muscle fibers that leads to release of muscle fiber contents into bloodstream; teeth grinding; sweating; headaches; palpitations; seizures
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